for a fact. He was a great idea guy, and a fine slowfire rifle shot, but that's all. His idea of a .45 auto, the model 1905 was a disaster. Fragile, no safety lock, complicated piece of crap. It took a lot of r and D, by people who really DID know gunplay, to create the 1911. and until the 1911 got bigger sights, trigger stop, beavertail grip safety, stippled frame straps, ramped barrels, enlarged ejection port, it was/is a clunk. For ccw, it needs the Commander slide group and alloy frame, too.