The amendment protects a right of the people.
The convention of Virginia...proposed the following amendment to the constitution; "that each state respectively should have the power to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining it's own militia, whenever congress should neglect to provide for the same." . . . all room for doubt, or uneasiness upon the subject, seems to be completely removed, by the fourth article of amendments to the constitution, since ratified, viz. "That a militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep, and bear arms, shall not be infringed." . . .
--Saint George Tucker (1803)
--Saint George Tucker (1803)
...the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.... No clause in the Constitution could by any rule of construction be conceived to give to congress a power to disarm the people.
--William Rawle (1829)
--William Rawle (1829)
Note: In 1788, at the Virginia Ratification Convention, George Mason used the phrase "to disarm the people" to mean "disusing and neglecting the militia."